The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus belonging to the family of retroviridae ; Retroviruses are made by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) to be copied deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stranded for integration into the host cell nucleus, so their genetic material is RNA and DNA viral particle when in the cells they infect. The process of converting RNA into DNA is a major characteristic of retroviruses is carried out by sequential enzymatic actions, the property to replicate through reverse transcription gives them their name, but this property is shared by other animal viruses such as those produced by hepatitis B, and vegetables. HIV is mainly acquired in three ways: sexual transmission , intravenous (IV drug use, contaminated blood transfusions, etc.), and via vertical (mother to child).
For any of the known transmission mechanisms of HIV enters the body and reaches the lymphoid cells. There are two types of human cells that are principal targets of HIV infection, the CD4 T lymphocytes and of tissue macrophages. Following the arrival in the target cells, become implement a set of processes that are intended cause the virus to enter the cell and the use of biochemical mechanisms of it to be able to replicate and give rise to new viruses. The set of phenomena that occur are known as life cycle or HIV and the intimate mechanisms that make it up have a great complexity of interactions between virus and host. 
So the virus is multiplying in the body
window period is considered the time between exposure the virus until the appearance of HIV tests. This period ranges from 6 months ago, but current analysis (4th generation ELISA, PCR), the period is reduced to 3 weeks. The individual at this time is called asymptomatic carriers and high risk.
As the infection progresses may receive the following symptoms: persistent diarrhea, unexplained weight loss, poor appetite, constant fatigue, swollen glands, recurrent fevers, fungal infections (the most common, candidiasis). These symptoms can develop within weeks or months of having acquired the virus, called initial phase. In the chronic phase there is a variable length estimated at several years and her viral proliferation persists, albeit at low level. Patients may be asymptomatic with or without lymphadenopathy, low number of platelets and minimal neurological disorders. Although there are wide individual variations, it is estimated that in 10 years, 50% of adults and 80% of children have evolved to more advanced stages, although the progression of the disease may be influenced by many factors.
The drug treatment has led to the prolongation of survival time: survival before them was not greater than 30-50% at 2 years and less than 10-20% at 4 years. HIV patients typically present with symptoms of depression and therefore are more vulnerable and even show an increase in viral load, and under this premise, the drug would act on the immune system, but also in the psycho. Is prepared based on mistletoe is a shrub which medicinal properties are attributed mainly aimed to solve heart-related ailments.
regard to prevention, condom use in sex by 99% reduces the risk of contracting ETS considers as risky to have sex with strangers, sex with men, or sex for cavities that are not naturally designed to: anal, or oral, as the friction produces microheridas that can allow passage of the virus.
Although HIV has been found in various body fluids such as saliva, tears, urine, presence, low amount, it has revealed to allow the transmission of the AIDS virus as kisses, cups, spoons, water , underwear, etc. are not a source of HIV transmission. Similarly
not be spread by mosquitoes or other insects and is not transmitted by pets they are not carriers of the virus, ie virus cycle can not be carried out on cells other than human. AIDS is also not donating blood also share common areas with a HIV carrier. Outside the body
HIV virus is a little tough, so it can be inactivated with relative ease in the environment. Disinfectants against HIV fare better in a liquid medium in a dry environment. Among them we consider hydrogen peroxide, detergents, alcohol 70%, heat above 60 ยบ C, however, is resistant to cold and UV rays, gamma and X
0 comments:
Post a Comment