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Glimpses the Future HIV EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus belonging to the family of retroviridae ; Retroviruses are made by a ribonucleic acid (RNA) to be copied deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stranded for integration into the host cell nucleus, so their genetic material is RNA and DNA viral particle when in the cells they infect. The process of converting RNA into DNA is a major characteristic of retroviruses is carried out by sequential enzymatic actions, the property to replicate through reverse transcription gives them their name, but this property is shared by other animal viruses such as those produced by hepatitis B, and vegetables.

HIV is mainly acquired in three ways: sexual transmission , intravenous (IV drug use, contaminated blood transfusions, etc.), and via vertical (mother to child).

For any of the known transmission mechanisms of HIV enters the body and reaches the lymphoid cells. There are two types of human cells that are principal targets of HIV infection, the CD4 T lymphocytes and of tissue macrophages. Following the arrival in the target cells, become implement a set of processes that are intended cause the virus to enter the cell and the use of biochemical mechanisms of it to be able to replicate and give rise to new viruses. The set of phenomena that occur are known as life cycle or HIV and the intimate mechanisms that make it up have a great complexity of interactions between virus and host.

So the virus is multiplying in the body

window period is considered the time between exposure the virus until the appearance of HIV tests. This period ranges from 6 months ago, but current analysis (4th generation ELISA, PCR), the period is reduced to 3 weeks. The individual at this time is called asymptomatic carriers and high risk.

As the infection progresses may receive the following symptoms: persistent diarrhea, unexplained weight loss, poor appetite, constant fatigue, swollen glands, recurrent fevers, fungal infections (the most common, candidiasis). These symptoms can develop within weeks or months of having acquired the virus, called initial phase. In the chronic phase there is a variable length estimated at several years and her viral proliferation persists, albeit at low level. Patients may be asymptomatic with or without lymphadenopathy, low number of platelets and minimal neurological disorders. Although there are wide individual variations, it is estimated that in 10 years, 50% of adults and 80% of children have evolved to more advanced stages, although the progression of the disease may be influenced by many factors.

The drug treatment has led to the prolongation of survival time: survival before them was not greater than 30-50% at 2 years and less than 10-20% at 4 years. HIV patients typically present with symptoms of depression and therefore are more vulnerable and even show an increase in viral load, and under this premise, the drug would act on the immune system, but also in the psycho. Is prepared based on mistletoe is a shrub which medicinal properties are attributed mainly aimed to solve heart-related ailments.

regard to prevention, condom use in sex by 99% reduces the risk of contracting ETS considers as risky to have sex with strangers, sex with men, or sex for cavities that are not naturally designed to: anal, or oral, as the friction produces microheridas that can allow passage of the virus.
Although HIV has been found in various body fluids such as saliva, tears, urine, presence, low amount, it has revealed to allow the transmission of the AIDS virus as kisses, cups, spoons, water , underwear, etc. are not a source of HIV transmission. Similarly

not be spread by mosquitoes or other insects and is not transmitted by pets they are not carriers of the virus, ie virus cycle can not be carried out on cells other than human. AIDS is also not donating blood also share common areas with a HIV carrier. Outside the body
HIV virus is a little tough, so it can be inactivated with relative ease in the environment. Disinfectants against HIV fare better in a liquid medium in a dry environment. Among them we consider hydrogen peroxide, detergents, alcohol 70%, heat above 60 º C, however, is resistant to cold and UV rays, gamma and X

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It consists of two elements: the intelligence, the principle that our brain functions harmoniously ordered that allow us to understand, comprehend, understand and address the different circumstances s of our reality, and the emo tion other hand, the emotion , alteration mood and No intense or transient, pleasant or painful, and accompanied by somatic reactions, such as p.ej.cambios in the bloodstream, breathing and secretions from glands. Linking both concepts, emotional intelligence is the ability to feel, understand, monitor and modify their own and others mental states. It's like the ability to resist you to react in an impulsive, thoughtless, giving us some control over our emotions.

intelligence is said and motional has 5 skills: 1) self-awareness, that ability to "look inward" as Socrates said "know thyself" 2 ) self-regulation, our ability to exercise control over our feelings, emotions and impulses of their own, and adaptability to rapidly changing situations; 3) motivation, which is the internal engine that propels the action and search of objectives to meet our needs. Here we dest acar the desire for victory, which pose challenging goals, from those looking to learn oriented to improve the performance, commitment, especially with personal goals and the initiative, which predisposes them to be alert to new opportunities ; 4) empathy, the ability to poners and in the place of another, to understand the feelings and needs of others, leaving aside prejudices, and 5) social skills, which is the ability to induce other desirable responses, ie have the ability to influence others.

"D and what good is all this? Emotional intelligence allows us to control things as simple and ordinary as frustration, when a barrier or interference appears invincible on our way to achieve a goal, the conflict , the laughter, the universal language, but which is not produced in all cultures through similar situations, but it gives us great pleasure at low cost (few muscles of the face are involved), the shame antagonistic to the laughter, the tears , first form communication we had, and it is also a powerful weapon that it attracts attention around us (just think of a baby crying), the smile, which is exercised with empathy, as her trying to get to the other, is something to see in commercials that offer a product with tremendous smile, or political campaign, smiling happily, the anger , which is like a boiling liquid, although no longer the fire needs to rest a while away from heat to cool, and the revenge , said it is "a dish best served cold", but would not be so, is the anger that has been encapsulated and has not been, among other things.

the foregoing, it is clear that in our daily life, emotional intelligence should lead to management and express our emotions in such a way that allows us to be more effective in our interpersonal relationships.

to work and normal daily life is characteristic that plays three roles: the hero the villain and victim . Each of us in different circumstances of our life, we choose to act one way or another and are precisely the emotions that we decided to use that set the standard. Then, one of the applications more evident in everyday life of emotional intelligence, is presented each time we have a conflict. With the application of emotional intelligence can face obstacles that prevent the success we seek, enjoying the experience rather than allergies.

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The effects of night work ...

" is a lonely life in and out of work. You work alone, and when you have a day off, all are working friends." The benefits of night work include a high degree of satisfaction with employment status and a minimum subjective deterioration. A disadvantage of night work is that it is considered physiologically harmful, as many body functions follow a circadian rhythm , which is e l sleep-wake cycle is repeated as a constant in our lives, which is governed by a "biological clock " itself that dictates when to wake up and when to sleep. The circadian cycle spanning 24 hours, divided into eight to 16 for sleep and wakefulness. Consider further that During the day our biological parameters are natural constants (temperature, heart rate, oxygen consumption, etc.) That are different from those of the night, which is also part of the circadian cycle.

night work occurs a mismatch of their natural circadian biological rhythms. This desynchronization is translated more prone to fatigue. Another contributory cause of fatigue is cyclic distortion of sleep that night worker suffers because daytime sleep is not restorative features of sleep a night. If all this we add the effects of the desynchronization time is about balancing social and family life, we can ensure that the disorders suffered by a worker at night are the result triple biological conflict, employment and socio-family member who is subject.

Some studies performed to determine whether cognitive and psychomotor functions required for the job are more impaired in rotating shifts to night shifts and risk of accidents. In terms of performance, both rotating shift workers and night workers presented no differences at the beginning and end of their shifts. Conlcuyen studies, then, to work on night shifts, voluntrariamente elected, they would then immediate negative effects on performance cognitive or motor skills.

On the other hand, other studies claim that it has been found that night shifts may exacerbate cardiovascular disorders (said of a risk of up to 40% of cardiovascular disease) and disrupt biological functions leading to reduced immune defenses, all expressed in the long term (retirement). It also describes nervous disorders associated with fatigue, sleep disturbances, gastrointestinal disturbances and loss of appetite. In addition, it is said that every 15 years of age prematurely nocturnal about 5.

describe a modification of the physiological functions of human body which is adapted initially more active during daylight hours and therefore at night occurring phenomena such as the decline in T º body decreased attention span and speed of movement, decreased blood pressure.

Our bodies were never truly adapt to night work because of the amount of time we would need to adapt. Ideally, if you're in this kind of work is having enough time to relax, avoid caffeine, the snuff and sleeping pills to darken the room when you go to sleep, and eliminate noise.

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BECAUSE A HAPPY AND HEALTHY PENIS PENIS IS A NON-IONIZING RADIATION

While developing skin cancer in your area more valuable, there are other diseases in that area that can hand over terror and cause you a headache ...

sudden red irritation: Contact Dermatitis. was due to some type of allergic reaction, which could be caused by latex condoms, detergent briefs or boxers, or a lotion or cream you use your partner. Ideally, go to the doctor so that you do a skin test for allergies, is not painful, and meanwhile, try hypoallergenic detergents and polyurethane condoms or other material, and pruritus (itching) took some antihistamine such as chlorpheniramine, PO or EV

intense irritation and itching leg dode meets the groin: irritation rider. The first step you could take is to start to wear boxers. In addition, as an addition, in the morning Take A bit of powder to keep the area dry as sweat. Now, in severe cases, see a doctor, it is most likely to prescribe an antifungal or antifungal.

yellow spots, carcinoma with blood spots from scratching: Psoriasis. also may appear similar areas on the elbows, knees, navel, nail head and ls hands and feet take on a bulky .. Swimming in salt water can be removed. One can also use a steroid cream or a tar shampoo. In extreme cases, a prescription steroid cream or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.

red scaly irritation yellow fat, no bleeding. seborrheic dermatitis. This can cover the chest area and around the eyebrows and behind ears. A good treatment can be a selenium sulfide shampoo, or one that contains salicylic acid or ketoconazole.

irritation with white scales in the folds of the skin: Eczema . can appear at your elbow and the knees. Some could use hydrocortisone cream. Drugs that are prescribed Protopic and Zonalon.

Any of the above symptoms that do not yield to treatment, coupled with some type of irregular bulge: Possible skin cancer. must see a doctor as soon as possible for you to do a biopsy .

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HAPPY ... are harmful to health?

The low-frequency electromagnetic waves called "electromagnetic fields , and very high frequency," electromagnetic radiation. " According to their frequency and energy, electromagnetic waves can be classified as "ionizing radiation " or "non-ionizing radiation , therefore, should make a distinction between these two concepts.

The ionizing radiation are electromagnetic waves of extremely high frequency (X and gamma rays), which contain sufficient photon energy to produce ionization (conversion of atoms or parts of molecules into ions electrically charged positively or negatively) by breaking the atomic bonds that hold together the molecules in the cell.

The non-ionizing radiation are generally part of the electromagnetic spectrum whose photon energy is too weak to break atomic bonds. These include ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, RF fields and microwaves, extremely low frequency fields and static electric and magnetic fields.

One way of transmitting energy is what is done through the radiation of electromagnetic waves, characterized by the existence of electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Electromagnetic waves differ from each other by the amount of energy that are capable of transmitting, and depends on its frequency. The set of all is the electromagnetic spectrum. Sorted from lowest to highest energy can summarize the different types of electromagnetic waves as follows:

* static electric and magnetic fields (magnets, DC electrical conductors, etc.).

* Electromagnetic waves of extremely low frequency. The frequency range reaches up to 3 KHz. (AC power lines)

* Electromagnetic waves of very low frequency. The frequency range is from 3 to 30 KHz. (Some induction welding machines)

* Electromagnetic Waves of Radio Frequency (RF). The frequency range is 30 KHz to 1,000 million Hz (= GHz). (Radio and television waves, welding of plastics, etc.).

* Microwave (MO). Electromagnetic waves between 1 and 300 GHz (microwave ovens, mobile phones, etc ...)

* Infrared (IR). Electromagnetic waves between 300 GHz and 385 THz (1 THz = 1,000 GHz). (Infrared lamps, hot material, etc.).

* visible light. Electromagnetic waves between 385 THz and 750 THz. (Lights)

* Ultraviolet (UV) non-ionizing. Electromagnetic waves between 750 THz and 3000 THz. (Solar lamps, lamps for detecting defects lamps, industrial insulation, etc.).

ORIGIN OF NON-IONIZING RADIATION

Electromagnetic fields are natural phenomena, the galaxies, the sun, stars emit radiation low density, and atmosphere are electric charges that generate magnetic fields which we are subjected constantly, and become much more intense, such as during thunderstorms.

But these natural electric and magnetic fields have joined in the last century a large number of fields manmade industrial machinery, power lines, household appliances. every day we are exposed to additional radiation. Although, with some exceptions, this whole artificial radiation is much weaker than the natural electromagnetic fields, in many professions in the electronics sector, railways, telecommunications and medical exposure is continued.

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS

The non-ionizing radiation, even when of high intensity can not cause ionization in a biological system. However, it has been shown to produce other biological effects, such as heating, altering chemical reactions or inducing electrical currents in tissues and cells.

electromagnetic waves can cause biological effects that sometimes are harmful to health. It is important to understand the difference between the two: A biological effect occurs when exposure to electromagnetic waves causes a noticeable or detectable physiological change in a biological system, as an adverse health effect occurs when the biological effect exceeds the normal capacity of the body and causes compensation and pathological process.

Some biological effects may be innocuous, eg organic reaction increase cutaneous blood flow in response to a slight warming from the sun. Some effects may be helpful, eg the warmth of sunlight on a cold day, or even beneficial to health, such as function solar in the production of vitamin D by the body. However, other biological effects, such as sunburn or skin cancer , are harmful to health.

regard to their effects on the body are of different nature depending on the frequency band in which we move. High frequency radiation and microwave cause molecular vibrations , producing heat-hence domestic and industrial use, "and therefore can cause burns from a given amount of radiation absorbed. Thus, while ultraviolet radiation can cause disease in the skin (erythema) and conjunctivitis by exposure of the skin and eyes, respectively, the infrared radiation can damage the retina or cause clouding of the eye and skin damage by heat transfer.

Microwaves are particularly dangerous for the health effects arising from the large heat capacity they have, the enhanced impact of their action when water molecules are part of the tissues.

Less easily achieve the effect of tissue heating electromagnetic waves for the Radio Frequency and Very Low Frequency. It is known that RF fields induce currents produce heat and electricity. Also, other biological effects have been reported less tested.

respect to the static electric and magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves of extremely low frequency, are known to have adverse effects on the cardiovascular and nervous system. It is currently discussing the reliability of certain studies that provide the ability to produce certain types of cancer at extremely low frequency radiation, but the restrictions that currently apply to this type of radiation do not take into account those effects now.

Although undoubtedly exert biological effects, the role of non-ionizing radiation to cause cancer is controversial. It is thought that in any case, act as tumor promoters , with little or no initial power to convert normal genes into oncogenes . In many studies have identified an increased relative risk of leukemia, brain tumors and other cancers in subjects living near high voltage lines and between different populations at risk professionally. Suspected stronger partnership has been established with childhood leukemia.

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Jehovah's Witnesses and blood transfusions: an ethical problem v / s Free Patient choice

The Witnesses are members of a Christian fundamentalist group whose doctrine adheres strictly to the Bible, the Day Final Judgement and the promise of eternal salvation. Included in the practice of their faith is the total rejection of blood, belief based on many biblical passages and reiterated in the official journal of the church, The Watchtower r through studies inherent risks associated with blood transfusion. (Lee Acts 15:28, 29 ; Genesis 9:3-6, Exodus 24:3-8 ; Leviticus 17:11, 12 .) Click to Online Bible .

transfusions are not the only medical practice in a given time has been strongly rejected by the Jehovah's Witnesses. Specifically, the vaccinations were banned from 1931 to 1952, for 21 years, and organ transplants by 13, from 1967 to 1980.

The Jehovah's Witness patient (TJ), has the right, based on the rights of individual autonomy, deciding whether to transfuse or not. In the case of minors or pregnant patients, many courts advocate for the child's life, indicating the need for transfusion even though the father and / or mother disagree.

The highest ethical principle at issue is the physician's duty to decide for the benefit of preserving the life of his patient and respect the autonomy of the latter. In the case of an emergency surgery, most doctors choose to transfuse the patient benefit versus Weigh ethics laws is a difficult decision to carry out.

Now, in their studies, the blood components classified TJ (or blood products, commonly known) as "allowed" or "forbidden" according to, first of all, if a component "major" or "minor" , and secondly, if the component pass through the placenta during intrauterine life.
We must know that the largest component of the blood, which is not mentioned in the list, water Should not prohibited? But it's part of the blood. And besides how can you say that albumin is a component "minor" , if in 100 mL of blood there is an average of 4.5 grams of albumin, which is considerably more than the weight of leukocytes, or platelets?. By the way, prohibits the plasma, but not albumin, which is the main protein, nor prohibited globulin prohibit or clotting factors, which are also part of it. The components division "major" and "minor" is flatly irrational and arbitrary. Not to mention that to produce clinically useful amounts of any of these components "men pray " must process many liters of blood.

The test of a component passing through the placental barrier could be subjective, as is very common for fetal red blood cells pass into the maternal circulation (that's what occurs Rh isoimmunization sensitization or fetal-maternal). Medical science has shown that almost all blood components pass through the placental barrier protects the fetus, then why ban them? ...

apparently a problem of interpretation of Scripture , because each time you mention the prohibition of blood The Bible is made with respect to ingest as food, and is in form of nutrient that we are concerned prohibition. For now, the transfused blood is not digested but retained in the body similar to a transplanted organ. Simply put, to receive a nutritional benefit from the blood, we should eat and digest it to be assimilated into minimal parts as with the food, which does not occur.

argu ments The "scientific"

JWs defend his doctrine of rejection of blood following a three perspectives: the purely religious, ethical, legal and "scientific."

blood component transfusions are dangerous: they can cause fatal hemolytic reactions, may lead to graft versus host disease, can transmit diseases such as hepatitis B and C, AIDS and others. One thing that the JWs do not mention that is technological progress has been going down gradually all the risks mentioned above. There is no completely safe medical treatment.

Transfusion Alternatives

there alternatives as alternatives to transfusion therapy, among which include intravenous immunoglobulin and erythropoietin (a substance produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production from bone marrow), plasma expanders, hemorrhagic, adjuvants for surgical hemostasis, among others, and some drugs. However, the cost / benefit is greater with blood products.

In Chile, the belief of the TJ on the Biblical prohibition is part of religious activity and is therefore protected by the Article 19 of the Constitution of the Republic No. 6 , which recognizes freedom of conscience the manifestation of all beliefs and free exercise of all religions, is not contrary to morals, good customs or public order, which for this purpose, the patient or decision is considered by TJ the signing of a document entitled "Informed Consent" in the four lel patient or in their absence, their families, allow the NOT USE blood products as part of treatment.

see, an ethical, moral, religious and even legal ...

Do People With Hiv Not Get Sick

relationship between stress and disease

Does not happen often, when we went through a period of stress we tend to get sick more easily? Many walk with irritable bowel syndrome, others are reactive labial herpes (or shingles, in the worst case), increases the rate of colds, sleeping less, and so forth. This occurs because of an axis, the axis-immune neuro-endocrine, which accounts for the close connection between these 3 systems, and communication between them.

How is this possible?

communication between these systems is given by the same key elements in them, ie, neurotransmitters, cytokines and hormones, respectively. Stress is caused by an imbalance between these elements, which cause susceptibility to disease.

How it works

axis neuro-immune-endocrine involved, among other things, the regulation of the immune system. Imagine if every response to a pathogen be extended to the end of time ... would not be alive to resist so many cytokines (a clear example allergies are also caused by imbalance of cytokines). To monitor the response to pathogens, the nervous system through the vagus nerve, senses the amount of existing response at a given time. If there is a lot of response, already eliminated the pathogen, activation of the vagus nerve leads to the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter major neurodegenerative pathways, but also potent inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF to ), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and there is induction inhibitory cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF b), allowing inhibit the immune response, which at this point and eliminated the pathogen.

The vagus nerve has a short-term action. The long-term action gives the endocrine system. The signals generated in the CNS by action of the vagus also go to the hypothalamus, which by the pituitary stimulates the secretion of ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, which stimulates the secretion of cortisol (glucocorticoids), which is a potent anti-inflammatory (in Clinical use of glucocorticoids broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory such as prednisone), inhibiting the response to systemic level. This realizes a controlled immune response, and that will not cause harm to the individual.

Relationship stress

stress occurs in response to a threatening situation for the subject. His response to this threat is the activation of the autonomic nervous system, sympathetic branch, which is aimed at the release of noradrenaline and adrenaline. These neurotransmitters cause systemic symptoms of stress: stomach pain, tachycardia, dry mouth, etc. Besides sympathetic norepinephrine, is released more from the adrenal medulla, which is activated by the sympathetic action, maintaining the permanent status.

Relationship disease

generates not only adrenaline and noradrenaline. There is also the genesis of another hormone, whose secretion is stimulated by sympathetic activation (stress), and whose primary function is to keep the individual in a state of alert, but it happens that the hormone also causes immunosuppression, we mean cortisol. Cortisol, among other things, causes increased blood sugar, keeps contractility of the heart, modulates sleep-wake cycle, etc., But also a potent inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins, which leaves the subject with " low defenses "and more prone to disease. It also explains the gastritis because prostaglandins protect the stomach lining, if they reduce the damage caused by the hydrochloric acid is more, damaging. Insomnia occurs because cortisol modulates the sleep-wake cycle, decreases bedtime and gradually increasing until you wake up, if the stress remains high not lower the cortisol, and therefore will not sleep.
For this reason our physiology, stress, leaving you more prone to diseases, leading to its unpleasant consequences.